Communication Between Verbal And Nonverbal Communication

â€Å" I know that you believe you understand what you think I said, but I am not sure that you realize that what you heard is not what I meant -Unknown.† Communication is very important in today s society. From texting, emails, talking on the phone, or even talking in person. If you are communicating in a nonverbal way it is important to get your point across exactly how you mean it because someone can read it differently. Talking in person can be easier because you can hear their tone of voice and see their facial expressions, so that can help you determine how they are trying to get the message across. In our speech 191 class we have done many activities learning about verbal and nonverbal communication. â€Å"The word communicate comes from†¦show more content†¦The first one is occasion, meaning why everyone is brought together. The second social content means people can speak their own opinion and not be judged for what they think. The third one is physical sett ing, meaning where the conversation is being held, what the surrounding area is like. The final element of the communication model is noise. Noise can interupted by someone messing with their books, the heaters starting back up, or even someone s sneeze. Some of the noises cannot be avoided and this is when you have to know how to go around that. After learning about the communication model we did a group activity to help us better understand each element.We had to answer questions about who was the speaker, the listener, and what message we were giving. My group had to tell our boss we needed the weekend off because our father was coming home the weekend we had to work. We distinguished that the speaker was the one getting off, and the listener was our boss. It was a big deal to see our dad because he lives in California, and we hadn t seen him in two years. We first had the come up with how we were going to approach our boss about getting the weekend off. In our group we discusse d that we were going to talk to our boss two weeks in advance and off the clock. This way they can have enough time to find coverage for the days needed off. This was a great activity to show how the communication model works. Nonverbal communication isShow MoreRelatedVerbal and Nonverbal Communication1472 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch done on verbal and nonverbal communication. First, we need to know what verbal and nonverbal communication is. Nonverbal communication is the way in which people communicate, intentionally or unintentionally, without words. Nonverbal communication uses nonverbal cues including facial expressions, tone of voice, gestures, body position, movement, the use of touch, and gaze (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2013). Verbal communication is what a person actually says. This communication relies on the wordsRead MoreDo Actions Speak Louder than Words? Preschool Children’s Use of the Verbal-Nonverbal Consistency Principle during Inconsistent Communications145 2 Words   |  6 Pagesthan words† principle also known as the â€Å"verbal nonverbal consistency† principle to process information where verbal cues contradict nonverbal ques. Three through five year olds were shown a video where an actor drank a beverage and made a verbal statement (ex. I like it) that was inconsistent with her emotional expression (ex. frowning). The children were then asked whether or not the actor liked or disliked the beverage. If children used the verbal nonverbal consistency principle, they should respondRead MoreThe Importance Of Verbal And Non Verbal Communication1689 Words   |  7 Pagesthere are an increasing number of international trades between two interlocutors that come from different cultural background. The business negotiation is an important part of trade cooperation and it can even determine the success of trade cooperation. Verbal communication is an essential and considerable part of the business negotiation; it is believe as the most crucial and direct means of communication. However, non-verbal communication, such as paralanguage, proxemics, kinesics, chronemics,Read MoreVerbal Communication And Nonverbal Communication1235 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is a natural thing that we as human beings do every day whether we speak or not. There is two different types’ verbal communication and nonverbal communication. Verbal communication is when we communicate using words exchange in the form of speech in writing or oral. Nonverbal communication does not use words for exchange a message. We use body language, facial expressions, sign language, and eye contact among a few things (Adler, Elmhorst, Lucas, 2013). Read MoreThe Role Of Non Verbal Communication On Intercultural Communication1411 Words   |  6 Pagescultural organisation,the intercultural communication has become more ligual and more significant than ever before (Wang, 2007). As an international language, English has played an prominent role in making the communication easy between two people with different cultural backgrounds. As a result, the EFL education has concluded the communicative sufficiency as one of the important goals of English as Foreign Language teaching. It seems that intercultural communication will be a successful, as long as theRead MoreEffective Communication Is Vital for Sucees in Professional, Corporate, and Academic Environments579 Words   |  3 PagesEffective communication skills are vital to success in professional, corporate, and academic environments. We are evaluated daily on our ability to communicate efficiently in interactions that take place at work, as well as in ou r personal lives. According to Faye and Jerry Wisner, communication is the process by which we verbally or nonverbally convey a message to another person or a group of people in a way that can be received and understood. The two types of communication found to be most effectiveRead MoreThe Psychological Study Of Non Verbal Communication1447 Words   |  6 PagesStudy of Non-Verbal Communication Jonathan D. Benton Columbia College of Missouri Student References used will be listed throughout the paper as well as listed at the end. Abstract In this paper we will be discussing the ideas involved with non-verbal communication as it pertains to the human species and also how it is perceived by others or completely over looked. We will discuss how non-verbal communication has changed throughout history. The study of Non-verbal communication has been aroundRead MoreThe Effects Of Modern Mass Culture On Modern Society1304 Words   |  6 PagesAdvertising is one of the most common types of social communication and an integral element of modern mass culture. It was the product of the development of market-oriented economic culture production methods, gradually, as the development of information technology in the process of historical evolution, becoming one of the most important social institutions of modern society. The study of nonverbal communication was engaged by scholars such as A. Pease, E. Hall, R. Berdvistell, G. Wilson, M. L.Read MoreNonverbal Communication And The Classroom902 Words   |  4 PagesTOPIC 1: Nonverbal communication in the classroom Communication is the ongoing exchange of messages that enables us to share our knowledge, attitudes, opinions and skills with one another (Miller, 1988). This process is composed of two dimensions – verbal and nonverbal . While is it undeniable that both the verbal and the nonverbal dimension are inseparable, research emphasises the dominance of the nonverbal message (cf., Argyle, 1975; Hall, 1966; Harrison Crouch, 1975; Knapp, 1978, cited in SmithRead MoreThe Principles of Communication1557 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication is an ever-developing topic in which human beings can express their feelings and emotions on a daily basis whether they were positive or negative in the most suitable way. According to Preja (2013) the term â€Å"Communication† can be traced back to the Latin word â€Å"Communis† which stands for â€Å"to be connected to† or â€Å"to be in a relationship with†. Communication can be classified to two types, verbal and non-verb al. Verbal communication focuses mainly on vocals while non-verbal communication

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Logistic Management Zara

Question: Discuss about theLogistic Managementfor Zara. Answer: Introduction This report is based on the case study of Zara, which is Spanish company operates in the apparel industry in the international market. During this report, the logistics management of Zara is analyzed. In the beginning, the fundamental reasons for the success of Zara are identified and that are compared with Dell, Myer and Walmart that tops the list of Forbes op 500cmpanies in the year 2016. After that, the focus is made on the techniques that are applied by Zara to achieve competitive advantage in the industry and market. Lastly, the report identifies the similarities among the success formula that are applied by Zara, Dell and Myers. In the end, the report provides some recommendations that can help Zara developing its business in future. Fundamental Reasons for Success of Zara In the international apparel industry Zara is one of the top performing companies. The product quality of the company is very high. If the success factors of Zara are analyzed in detail, then it can be identified that the main factors behind the success of Zara are its supply chain and the product quality. The supply chain of the company aims to maintain a smooth flow of products and services to the end users. Zara formulates 12,000 designs per year and has 30,000 stock-keeping units per year (Zara.com 2016). Christopher (2016) moreover depicts that ZARA does not have to face any issue regarding the low stock as they commit 50%-60% of production in advance of the season so that they can fulfill their demands. The materials used by Zara are of top quality. Moreover, the management of the company has focused on the designs of the products. Qrunfleh and Tarafdar (2014) stated that the Zara is the most fashionable brand in the apparel industry in the current scenario. The dresses produced and offered by Zara are of unique and most trendy design, which are not available at other company. Marsh (2015) considered the designs of Zaras dresses and other products have reached the company to the top level of success. Apart from the supply chain, product designs and quality, there are many other factors behind the success of Zara. One of those factors is its target market. The company has targeted the higher class people, who can avail its product easily. Due to this, the company can maintain its premium pricing strategy. Crandall et al. (2014) depict that the premium pricing strategy is another factor behind the success of the company. As the prices of the products of Zara is much high, the people or customers believe that the quality of the products will be good and so they prefer to buy the products. This indicates that the pricing strategy of the company also helped it to attract the customers. Sridharan and Simatupang (2013) states though Zara, Dell and Myer belong from different industries; some common factors have influenced their success. If the success factors of Zara are compared with the success factors of Dell and Myer, then it can be identified that quality is also one of the success factors for Dell. The quality department at Dell is very conscious of maintaining the quality of the products of the company. Like Zara, Dell has also tried by making its product unique in the market. In surveys, it has identified that many people prefer to buy the laptops of Dell especially for the higher quality of the products. Unlike the ZARA, Dell does not have intermediates and all the functionalities are occurred of three major actors- Dell, supplier and customers (Vrat 2014). On the other side, Myer is also trying to maintain the quality of its products; however, the poor service quality of Myer has affected the success of the company. Many customers of the company have complai ned that they do not get proper service from the companys end; moreover, the customers of Myer have also complained that the company is not able to meet the specific requirement of them. Therefore, from the point of view of products and service quality, Zara and Dell are better than Myer and it has helped the two companies to become successful in the market. Another organization that is considered as the successful organization according to the Forbes list is Wal-Mart. Latif and Parker (2014) depict that they key success element of their supply chain is that they have 160 distribution centers within 130 miles of their designated stores. The only difference of Wal-Mart with the Zara is that, the former organization have to maintain stock as they are dealing with retail products that are used by people in everyday life every time. Thus, Wal-Mart has giant stocks products and manages an average of $32 billion in inventory. However, there is a chance of wastage of inventory in case the sale does not match with their estimated sales. Thus, maintaining low but real-time inventory is beneficial. Apart from the product and service quality, selection of specific target market is another success factor for Zara. If the success factors of Zara, Dell and Myer are compared with each other, then it can be identified that the target market of Dell and Myer is much wider than Zara. Due to this, Dell and Myer face problems fulfilling the specific requirements of a particular group of customers or a particular portion of the target market. On the other side, Vijayan et al. (2015) stated that as Zara has a specific target market, which is small, the company has the opportunity to satisfy the specific requirements of the customers. Therefore, it can be said that the strategy of selecting the target market has not contributed much to the success of Dell and Myer, but it has influenced the success of Zara. The pricing strategy is also a factor behind the success of Zara. However, if the pricing strategies of Dell and Myer are compared with the pricing strategy of Zara, then it can be identified that Myer and Dell have not taken the premium pricing strategy, rather they have concentrated on the economic pricing strategy (Ross 2015). The economical pricing strategy taken by these two companies has also helped the companies attracting the customers because the price level is low, but this particular pricing strategy did not contribute much attracting the loyal customers. As Zara has targeted the customers through premium pricing, most of the customers are loyal to the company. Therefore, in comparison to the strategies of Dell, Myer and Wal-Mart, It can be said that the strategies taken by Zara are more effective. Maintaining the Competitive Advantage of Zara Achieving and maintaining the competitive advantage is a very important factor for the sustainability of a company. The term sustainability indicates the situation, in which a company is able to meet the current requirements without hampering or compromising the requirements in the future (Min 2015). In order to maintain the sustainability, Zara has specially focused on the competitive advantage. The management of the company believes that in order to achieve the competitive advantage, it is very important to maintain the quality of the supply chain of the company. The supply chain management at Zara has very effective. The management of the company has mentioned that Zara maintains a smooth flow of supply chain activities. The designers of the company always keep themselves aware of the latest fashion trend in the market. Seifert and Philipp (2014) portrays that the supply chain of the company always focuses on the proper time management. The management of the company has mentioned that the supply chain of the company is much transparent so that any fault in the supply chain can be identified at the right time. In order to achieve the competitive advantage and sustainability in a better way, the company can follow the principles of supply chain management. The supply chain principles that Zara can follow are stated below: Principle 1 The Company must customize the logistics of it according to the products and service requirements of the customers and customer segments profitability. Principle 2 The Company must segment the market based on the specific products and service needs of the customers and according to that the company must adapt the supply chain. Principe 3 Company must be always aware of the market signals like, demand and trend and the supply chain planning must be done based on those signals. Principle 4 Organization needs to differentiate its products and services very closely to the customers demand and the speed of converting the demand into the final products must be high in the supply chain. Principle 5 The Company must reduce the total cost of production and distribution by managing the supply chain activities with the help of proper strategies. Principle 6 The supply chain of the company must be based on advanced technology so that the company can take a decision at multiple levels. Principle 7 The Company must adopt the channel-spanning measurement method for measuring the performance of the collective success of the supply chain of the company. The above-stated principles of supply chain management are suggesting an advanced supply chain system that can help a company achieving competitive advantage in the market. In order to follow the supply chain principles, the management of Zara can take the following strategies for its current supply chain management: Advanced technology The Company must implement advanced technology in the supply chain of it. The management must implement the data-driven supply chain at Zara. This data-driven supply chain management of the company will be based on real data, which will help the company reducing the waste level to the great extent (Brusset 2016). Use of advanced technology will help the company getting the proper data at the right time. These will only the other side help in taking multi-level decisions for the betterment of the company. Implementation of JIT system The management of Zara can implement the JIT or Just-in-Time system at its supply chain. Li et al. (2015) portray some of the benefits of Just-in-Time supply chain in management is that it reduces waste and take less budget to implement in the existing supply chain management and hence it is beneficial for ZARA to provide their fashionable apparel to their customer. ZARA can also reduce the transportation waste, inventory waste by the implementation of JIT (Wisner et al. 2014). The approach of JIT will help ZARA to manufacture the products for fulfilling the customer demands according to season according to their demand and will lead to a situation where no apparel will remain on the shelves. Bookbinder and Locke (2013) furthermore define that with the use of JIT application, products defect will also be reduced. Similarities Between Zara Dell and Myers Formula for Success Similarities Vetween Zara and Dell The procedure of the supply chain is different for both of the companies that are Zara and Dell as their key product is different. MacCarthy et al. (2016) define that Dell implements the made-to-order procedure where they started manufacturing products as they get orders for computer, laptops or accessories. This result inlow lead-time and make the suppliers laid close to their manufacturing factories in order to deliver the computer quickly. Zara also applies this strategy and maintain low inventory, and offers a limited stock of its fashion apparels to the consumer. Fantazy et al. (2016) depicts that this allows both of the organization to offer new design every time they launch products as maintaining low inventory allows an organization allows them to focus on the new design of the products rather than the manufacturing same products line. Yes, this procedure of maintaining low inventory approach is beneficial for other organization especially manufacturing companies. Lu and Swaminathan (2013) explains that suppliers always remain close to the factory and as a result, it will be easier for the organization to communicate with the supplier. Similarities Between Zara and Myers Maintaining low inventory is the key elements or Myer as well and this results in right inventory in the store at the right time. However, they have implement push and pull strategies that are not the approach that ZARA follow. Cordn et al. (2013) depict that Zara maintains limited stock in their store in order to maintain an illusion to the cutesier that they have limited stock and Zara also change their stock after every week so that customer can check for new trends. This strategy is however, not used by Myers for their fashion apparel and their shoes as they follow push and pull strategy. This approach signifies that Myers intends to stock a product and creates a supply chain to facilitate distribution. Gattorna (2015) moreover, explains that both of the organization utilizes the approach for electronic trading as a part of their supply chain. Zara and Myer use the Drop shippingand different contact seller that n behalf of them provide their products across the world. This proced ure is beneficial for different organization as they can represent their brand across the borders irrespective of the fact whether they have their outlets in those places. Moreover, application of e-commerce as a part of the supply chain management signifies their competitive advantage. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that in comparison to the supply chain management strategies of Dell, Myer and Wal-Mart, the strategies are taken by Zara is more effective and attract more customers throughout the year. In addition to that, they manufacture fewer products and rotate their stock in the showroom every after few weeks and this makes the customer to purchase their fashion apparel before clearing the stock. However, Dell initiates manufacturing only after they receive their order from the customers. The suppliers also closely present around the factory so that they can supply the raw materials to Dell. The approach that is similar with Myers with Zara is that they implement the e-commerce services and communicate with intermediates to offer their service to people across the world. Recommendation Zara do not have fashion outlets in every place rather than they have their e-commerce facility so that every individual can experience their products. However, they can open different outlets of their store so that people can access and evaluate their products closely before buying. Zara can also implement the establishment of supply chain metric like "Enterprise-wide balanced scorecards that allow the supply chain managers to have timely insights and take effective steps against disruptions and opportunities. Reference List Bookbinder, J.H. and Locke, T.D., 2013. Simulation analysis of just?in?time distribution.International Journal of Physical Distribution Materials Management. Brusset, X., 2016. Does supply chain visibility enhance agility?.International Journal of Production Economics,171, pp.46-59. Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson Higher Ed. Cordn, C., Hald, K.S. and Seifert, R.W., 2013.Strategic supply chain management. Routledge. Crandall, R.E., Crandall, W.R. and Chen, C.C., 2014.Principles of supply chain management. CRC Press. Fantazy, K., Tipu, S. and Kumar, V., 2016. Conceptualizing the relative openness of supply chain and its impact on organizational performance.Benchmarking: An International Journal,23(5). Gattorna, J., 2015.Dynamic supply chains: How to design, build and manage people-centric value networks. Pearson Higher Ed. Latif, S. and Parker, D., 2014. Supply chain and logistics: An Australian perspective.Management Services,58(1), pp.20-26. Li, X., Wu, Q. and Holsapple, C.W., 2015. Best-value supply chains and firms competitive performance: empirical studies of their linkage.International Journal of Operations Production Management,35(12), pp.1688-1709. Lu, L.X. and Swaminathan, J.M., 2013. Advances in Supply Chain Management.International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences, edited by James Wright. Elsevier. MacCarthy, B.L., Blome, C., Olhager, J., Srai, J.S. and Zhao, X., 2016. Supply Chain EvolutionTheory, Concepts and Science.International Journal of Operations and Production Management. Marsh, H., 2015. From Zara to Zambia.London Business School Review,26(3), pp.8-11. Min, H., 2015.The essentials of supply chain management: New business concepts and applications. FT Press. Qrunfleh, S. and Tarafdar, M., 2014. Supply chain information systems strategy: Impacts on supply chain performance and firm performance.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.340-350. Ross, D.F., 2015.Distribution Planning and control: managing in the era of supply chain management. Springer. Seifert, R.W. and Philipp, M., 2014. When the chain of opportunity Is the chain of supply.MHD Supply Chain Solutions,44(3), p.22. Sridharan, R. and Simatupang, T.M., 2013. Power and trust in supply chain collaboration.International Journal of Value Chain Management,7(1), pp.76-96. Vijayan, G., Kamarulzaman, N.H., Mukherjee, A. and Vaiappuri, S.K., 2015. Strategic Value Creation in a Supply Chain.Handbook of Research on Global Supply Chain Management, p.186. Vrat, P., 2014. Systems Approach and Supply Chain Management. InMaterials Management(pp. 357-378). Springer India. Wisner, J.D., Tan, K.C. and Leong, G.K., 2014.Principles of supply chain management: a balanced approach. Cengage Learning. Zara.com., 2016.ZARA Official Website. [online] Available at: https://www.zara.com/ [Accessed 13 Dec. 2016].

Women Entrepreneurship- Challenges Opportunities free essay sample

Risk taking ability, Self-confidence, Decision making ability, Knowledge of cumin growing to harvesting technology, Economic motivation, Market orientation, Risk factors, Soil and firm condition of experiences, Water resources, Water quality and volumes, need to cumin for all technical factors, Ability of co-ordination to cumin related activities, Achievement, Motivation, etc. indicators are behavior of entrepreneurial. Entrepreneurship has gained greater significance at global level under changing economic scenario. Global economy in general and Indian economy in particular is poised for accelerated growth driven by entrepreneurship. Admits environment of super mall culture we find plenty of scope for entrepreneurship in trading and manufacturing. An entrepreneur is a person who is able to look at the environment, identify opportunities to improve the environmental resources and implement action to maximize those opportunities (Robert E. Nelson) it is important to bear in mind the entrepreneurial skills that will be needed to improve the quality of life for individuals, families and communities and to sustain a healthy economy and environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Women Entrepreneurship- Challenges Opportunities or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Taking this into consideration, we will find that each of the traditional definitions has its own weakness (Tyson, Petrin, Rogers, 1994, p. 4). The first definition leaves little room for innovations that are not on the technological or organizational cutting edge, such as, adaptation of older technologies to a developing-country context, or entering into export markets already tapped by other firms. Defining entrepreneurship as risk-taking neglects other major elements of what we usually think of as entrepreneurship, such as a well-developed ability to recognize unexploited market opportunities. Entrepreneurship as a stabilizing force limits entrepreneurship to reading markets disequilibria, while entrepreneurship defined as owning and operating a business, denies the possibility of entrepreneurial behavior by non-owners, employees and managers who have no equity stake in the business. Therefore, the most appropriate definition of entrepreneurship that would fit into the rural development context, argued here, is the broader one, the one which defines entrepreneurship as: a force that mobilizes other resources to meet unmet market demand, the ability to create and build something from practically nothing, the process of creating value by pulling together a unique package of resources to exploit an opportunity. It combines definitions of entrepreneurship by Jones and Sakong, 1980; Timmons, 1989; Stevenson, et al. 1985. Entrepreneurship so defined, pertains to any new organization of productive factors and not exclusively to innovations that are on the technological or organizational cutting edge, it pertains to entrepreneurial activities both within and outside the organization. Entrepreneurship need not involve anything new from a global or even national perspective, but rather the adoption of new forms of business organizations, new technologies and new enterprise s producing goods not previously available at a location (Petrin, 1991). This is why entrepreneurship is considered to be a prime mover in development and why nations, regions and communities that actively promote entrepreneurship development, demonstrate much higher growth rates and consequently higher levels of development than nations, regions and communities whose institutions, politics and culture hinder entrepreneurship. An entrepreneurial economy, whether on the national, regional or community level, differs significantly from a non-entrepreneurial economy in many respects, not only by its economic structure and its economic vigorousness, but also by the social vitality and quality of life which it offers with a consequent attractiveness to people. Economic structure is very dynamic and extremely competitive due to the rapid creation of new firms and the exit of old stagnant and declining firms Redefining entrepreneurship and innovation Succeeding as an entrepreneur and an innovator in today’s world is vastly different from what it was earlier. Organizations will face seven trends in the next decade as they flight to survive, grow and remain competitive. Speed and uncertainty will prevail. Technology will continue to disrupt and enable. Demographics will dictate much of what happens in business. Loyalty will erode. Work will be done anywhere, anytime. Employment as we know it will disappear. Women Entrepreneur: Women entrepreneurs have been making a significant impact in all segments of the economy in India, Canada, Great Britain, Germany, Australia and the United States. The areas chosen by women are retail trade, restaurants, hotels, education, cultural, cleaning, insurance and manufacturing The New Thrust suggests following two factors pulling or pushing women in an entrepreneurship Factors leading women to be an entrepreneur:Women entrepreneurs choose a Women takes up business enterprises to Profession as a challenge and an get over financial difficulties and respond- adventure with an urge to do some visibility is thrust on them due to family -thing new, liking for business and circumstances. to have an independent occupation. With the spread of education and new approaches/awareness, women entrepreneurs are achieving higher level of 3E’s, namely: (i) Engineering (ii) Electronics (iii) Energy. Though we should not forget certain Psycho-Social Barriers which hinders the growth of women entrepreneurs. Opportunities : Free entry into world trade. Improved risk taking ability. Governments of nations withdrawn some restrictions Technology and inventions spread into the world. Encouragement to innovations and inventions. Promotion of healthy completions among nations Consideration increase in government assistance for international trade. Establishment of other national and international institutes to support business among nations of the world. Benefits of specialization. Social and cultural development Challenges: Problems of raising equity capital Difficulty in borrowing fund. T hought-cut completions endangered existence of small companies. Problems of availing raw-materials. Problems of obsolescence of indigenous technology Increased pollutions Ecological imbalanced. Problems of TRIPS and TRIMS. Exploitation of small and poor countries, etc. Suggestions Govt. should provide separate financial fund of women’s entrepreneur. We should provide her special infrastructure facilities what ever she deeds. Govt. should arrange special training programmes of women entrepreneurship Govt. should felicitated top ranker women’s entrepreneur. Women entrepreneur should more competitive and efficient in the local international market. Use should invite successful women entrepreneurs from foreign countries. Women Entrepreneurship in India Out of total 940. 8 million people in India, in the 1990s, females comprise 437. 10 million representing 46. 5 percent of the total population. There are 126. 48 million women workforce but as per the 1991 census, only 1, 85,900 women accounting for only 4. 5 per cent of the total self-employed persons in the country were recorded. As per a rough estimate the number of SSIs are expected to be2. 5 billion having 9% women entrepreneurs in to it. Considering this trend, women participation in another five years was 20 % more, raising the number of women entrepreneurs to about 5, 00,000. Combined effect of motivational drive, preparation of information material, conducting training, creation of women industrial estates, and training of promoters and use of mass media all together is bound to accelerate the process of women entrepreneurship development. Some psycho-social factors impede the growth of women entrepreneurs are as follows: Poor self-image of women Inadequate motivation Discriminating treatment Faulty socialization Role conflict Cultural values Lack of courage and self-confidence Inadequate encouragement Lack of social acceptance Unjust social, economic and cultural system Lack of freedom of expression Afraid of failures and criticism Susceptible to negative attitude Low dignity of labour What New Awareness has to say about it? The new Industrial Policy of the Government of India has specially highlighted the need for special entrepreneurship programmes for women entrepreneurs in the nature of product-process oriented courses – to enable them to start small-scale industries. A majority of women entrepreneurs are from the middle class families who have low technical education, less family responsibilities but desire to become entrepreneurs. This potential should be identified and tapped. Rural Entrepreneur Succeeding as an entrepreneur and an innovator in today’s world is vastly different from what it was earlier. Besides the existing generation of entrepreneurship also is passing through the transition period. They experience financial resource limitation to promote or to develop a venture and there is also look of research and innovation to meat with marketing challenges. Indian rural economy is also experiencing behavior of entrepreneurial. Aim of most farmers is to earn profits from farming as from any other business, if he determines the objectives. A farm business necessary requires deliberate decision and proper investment, after assessing risk and available resources to maximize profit. There for entrepreneurship is not simply adoption of new activity but it is transformation of a person from traditional of modern India is known as â€Å"Home spices† and is in fact the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices in the world. Though, cumin cultivation requires more inputs and production prices are high but last two years monetary output is uncertain. It is also sensitive crop to many disease, pest and also highly risky crop considering natural hazards, as well as the day to day fluctuating wholesale price index. Organizations will face seven trends in the next decade as they flight to survive, grow and remain competitive. Speed and uncertainty will prevail. Technology will continue to disrupt and enable. Demographics will dictate much of what happens in business. Loyalty will erode. Work will be done anywhere, anytime. Employment as we know it will disappear. Opportunities For rural Entrepreneurs. Crashed Scheme for Rural Development Food for Work Programme National Rural Employment Programme Regional Rural Development Centers Entrepreneurship Development institute of India Bank of Technology Rural Innovation Funding Social Rural Entrepreneurship. Challenges For Rural Entrepreneurs Growth of Mall Culture Poor Assistance Power Failure Lack of Technical know how Capacity Utilization Infrastructure Sickness Present Entrepreneurial Scenario Mr. Ratan Tata had clearly articulated to us his ‘vision’ for Tata Motors. The company has very successfully launched its passenger cars- ‘Indica’ and ‘Indigo’ and recently in January’ 2008 they have set a benchmark in the history of four-wheeler industry all around the globe by offering their masterpiece ‘NANO’ to be the world’s cheapest car worth 1 Lac rupees only. The company has also taken over the business of Corus, a giant in the steel industry. Vijay Mallya and talk of innovation, to hit the Indian market. Vijay Mallya’s mission was to create brand Kingfisher as a generic brand for lifestyle. There happened to be some sort of compatibility between the way he lived his life and the brand image that he was thinking to create. One of the key ingredients of innovation is to simply be yourself. He did the restructuring process of United Breweries without any sense of embarrassment. We are all sometimes stymied, curbed and limited by ourselves. Philips, Sony, Honda, Ford provide the signposts of entrepreneurship today for all to emulate. Some of these have come up only in recent years and from small beginnings. In India, too, one sees glimpses of such entrepreneurship. ICICI’s experience tells a great deal about entrepreneurship – good as well as not so good. Following Indian firms will keep on dominating the corporate world in the future too — Tata Steel Motors Indian Oil Corporation Reliance industries Infosys Technologies Moser Baer Bharti Tele-ventures Twaalfhoven and Indivers (1993, pp. 3-4), they are run by dynamic entrepreneurs, who manage and lead their companies not only to remain in the business but to expand it. Dynamic entrepreneurs look for growth, they do not have only a vision but are also capable of making it happen. They think and act globally, look for expansion, rely on external resources, seek professional advice or they work with professional teams. They challenge competitors instead of avoiding them and take and share risks in a way that leads to success. In this way economic vitality of a country largely depends on the overall level of entrepreneurial capacity, i. e. , on its ability to create rapidly growing companies Summary The entrepreneurs provide a magical touch to an organization, whether in public or private or joint sector, in achieving speed, flexibility, innovativeness, and a strong sense of self-determination. They bring a new vision to the forefront of economic growth.